How is the cause established?
Assessment typically includes history, examination and X-rays. Depending on the problem, CT or other imaging, blood tests and aspiration for infection may be required. A clear diagnosis is particularly important before deciding to revise a painful but apparently well-fixed implant.
What can revision surgery involve?
Revision may range from exchanging one component to reconstructing the entire hip. Bone loss may require augments, specialist cups, longer stems or other reconstructive techniques. In selected severe cases, patient-specific or custom-made components may be considered.
What if infection is suspected?
Infection requires a dedicated pathway. Depending on timing, organism, implant stability and other factors, treatment may involve debridement with implant retention or one- or two-stage revision. The strategy is individual and may involve microbiology and multidisciplinary input.
Are risks higher than with a first hip replacement?
Revision surgery is generally more complex and can carry greater risks than primary replacement, including infection, dislocation, fracture, blood loss, nerve or blood-vessel injury, persistent pain and further revision. The risk profile depends heavily on the specific reconstruction required.
